Hundred Flowers - 1369 Words

HundrHow far do you agree that the Hundred Flowers campaign was a trick designed by Mao to trap his opponents? â€Å"Criticism of the bureaucracy is pushing the government towards the better.† Mao managed to convince the intellectual population of China that he genuinely thought that criticism was a necessary factor in the further development of China as a communist nation. During the Hundred Flowers Campaign, many people criticized the party as well as Mao which led to Mao halting it. The communist party quickly reversed the movement and labelled all the critics as ‘rightists’. Historians still debate whether Mao designed the campaign to trick his opponents into revealing themselves or whether it was a social experiment that went wrong.†¦show more content†¦However, the Hundred Flowers Campaign can also be considered a genuine error by Mao as he underestimated the extent of discontent the people had with communism and was thus forced to reverse it into the anti- rightist movement in order to restore his authority over China. Despite the 5 year plan being heralded as a success, Mao realized that the communist bureaucracy had many flaws and he was dissatisfied with the amount of involvement from the peasants. Mao believed that if all the ‘different schools of thought’ would be allowed to ‘contend’ then communism would emerge as the supreme ideology however this was not the case. Mao also wanted communism to be improve due to the constructive criticism from intellectuals. However, there was overwhelming support for a democratic regime and this is the real reason why Mao was forced to label the intelligentsia as ‘rightists’ because not doing so would lead to erosion of respect for authority and increased support for an anti- communist regime. Mao also disliked the fact that the communist party was severe in applying its policies and wanted to see intellectuals play a greater role. In addition to Mao wanting communism to naturally emerge as the greatest belief, he also wanted to purge the CCP of corruption and bureaucracy as he believed that these two factors were limiting the growth of communism in China.Show MoreRelatedThe Achievements And Policies Of The First Ten Years1385 Words   |  6 PagesChina’s Communist Party (CCP) and the chairman of the People’s Republic of China from September 27, 1954, to April 27, 1959, under the first constitution. Mao brought the Hundred Flowers Campaign in 1956 in order to gain the support of the intelligentsia that would promote his socialistic agenda in Chinese society. The Hundred Flowers Campaign allowed people to have freedom of speech. Before this, freedom of speech was strictly forbidden in China, especially against the Communist party. In order toRead MoreThe 100 Flowers Movement And Expression1217 Words   |  5 PagesJaley Johnson period 3 Plan of investigation: This investigation will explore the 100 flowers movement and how it introduced freedom of speech and expression in chinese society. The examination will also include the peoples opinions and thoughts on this movement. It is going to touch bases on the actual results of this plan, and whether what was said to have happened actually did. The sources listed in my work cited page expands on the series of events that happen leading up to the change in theRead More The Invigorating Meadow Essay1230 Words   |  5 Pagesas the one we have this year, parts of the meadow may be left uncut until August, providing mulch hay rather than animal feed. This year I tried to identify as many kinds of grasses as I could. I examined the flower clusters with their delicate spikelets as they opened. Grass flowers are small and inconspicuous but wonderfully intricate when examined closely and required all the patience I could muster. My poor old brain managed to sort out four or five, but, in the end, I settled for the lovelyRead MoreI Chose Roses And Birds Number 5 By Kiki Smith Essay983 Words   |  4 Pagesdrawn to Roses and Birds Number 5 because of the thin lines, the flowers, and how its fragility added an aura of femininity. Upon closer inspection of the art, I appreciated the artist’s use of Nepalese paper as her canvas. Unlike Kiki Smith’s piece, I wasn’t immediately drawn to Ornaments. The metal, while shiny, looked cold and hard. The piece is a floral arrangement, but looking at it I couldn’t envision the soft petals of flowers. Once I put aside my personal feelings and started observing theRead Mor eMy Company Essay1585 Words   |  7 Pagesall about selling flowers. Florely is a company that has thrived off of selling flowers since the twentieth of   May, 2012. All of Florely’s employees are trained to understand the meaning behind each flower that we produce. Majority of   Florely customers   know that we care as a whole and as individuals. Our customers love our natural flowers that we as a company has grown from God’s green, perfect earth. We sell every flower under the sun but everyone has their favorite flower of course. There isRead MoreGardening Essay911 Words   |  4 Pagesand that we can replenish ourselves by returning our attention to nature, so next time you are outside, try trading in your blackberry for blackberry bushes. Just sitting in a garden, watching the insects, listening to the birds or smelling the flowers can have positive psychological benefits. â€Å"In a recent study, a group of gardeners performed a stressful task and were then randomly assigned to 30 minutes of outdoor gardening or indoor reading. Gardening and reading each led to decreases in cortisolRead MoreLesson 3 Essay Questions1444 Words   |  6 Pagesevolved to become less dependent on water? There are 5 specific events is the evolution of land plants. Protection of the embryo. Evolution of vascular tissue. Evolution of leaves (microphylls and megaphylls) Evolution of seeds. Evolution of flowers. All of these changes have helped plants become less dependent on water. Seed bearing vascular plants, gymnosperms and angiosperms have adapted tissue structures for life in dryer climates. They produce seeds, a seed contains an embryo and storedRead MoreGumamela Flower and Ipil-Ipil Leaves as Alternative Shoe Polisher2395 Words   |  10 PagesHibiscus rosa-sinensis Flower and Ipil-ipil leaves as Alternative Shoe Polisher ------------------------------------------------- i ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was to determine the possibility of producing an acceptable Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Flower and Ipil-ipil leaves extract shoe polisher that can be alternative to the present commercial shoe polisher in terms of its use in a smooth shoes. Two shoe polisher were compared; one Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Flower and Ipil-ipil leaves extractRead MoreBee Outline856 Words   |  4 Pages(Explanation) Body #1  » When a bee comes to collect nectar and pollen from the flower of a plant, some pollen sticks to the hairs of their bodies. When the bee travels to the next flower, some of the pollen, on its body, is rubbed off and fertilization is made possible.  » Plants rely on bees and other insects to reproduce, so they have adapted to become more attractive to them. Bees are drawn to plants with open flowers and lots of pollen and nectar. A flowers scent can have particular appealRead MoreGergor Mendels Incredible Understanding of the Principles of Heredity786 Words   |  4 Pagestogether, whether traits will show in the offspring or not. He observed seven important traits that could be easily identified, these are known as the phenotypes. These traits or characteristics were 1. Colour of the flower Purple or white 2. Axil and terminal position of the flower 3. Short and long stem length 4. Smooth or wrinkle seeds 5. Yellow or green seeds 6. If the pods were inflated or constricted 7. Yellow or green pods. In this second experiment he found that the â€Å"factors† (Genes) as

Essay about Force Field Analysis - 811 Words

Week 04 – Written Assignment – Force Field Analysis Sarah Schaub Rasmussen College Author Note This research is being submitted on May 07, 2013 for Mauvalyn Bowen, PhD FX1 – B420 Section BLN-T Organizational Development – Spring 2013 Week 04 – Written Assignment – Force Field Analysis What are the macro issues? One of the macro issues is the fact that Disney is a global corporation and the country operations needed to be weaved together. One example of this is, Hightower claims to have a left a legacy behind of bringing colleagues together within these country operations. He had one U.K. country manager who only looked at the British perspective. In order to make this change, he began having quarterly meetings with himself,†¦show more content†¦A European audience has a diverse culture, which would mean Disney would need to market to all types of different people and have product and service for different ages, gender and race. As it stood, the European market was not a focus and was being treated as an American market. This had to change. What are the retraining forces (resistance) against change? One of the resisters to change is the fear of the unknown. When someone doesn’t know what is going to change, they begin to imagine what is going to change and come up with their own conclusions, this will happen more often when the person making the change is not transparent. Another resister to change is a person’s routine is being disrupted. Many people develop a routine when they begin work, it becomes almost like a habit. When someone comes in and wants to change that habit, the employee loses that control and it is an unknown and unfamiliar and that can be scary for some people (Harvey amp; Brown, 2011, p. 152). What strategies should Disney use to weaken the retraining forces and make way for change? The first thing Disney should do is develop standard language that will be released to all employees that change will be taking place, and why it is taking place. Transparency is key in this type of situation. If Disney is not transparent, employees will begin to make their own determinations of whatShow MoreRelatedForce Field Analysis3055 Words   |  13 PagesIn creating a force field analysis, I first had to look at the presenting problem of what I plan to change within my agency. For my field practice assignment, I am working in conjunction with my supervisor (Assistant Director) and the Director of the program on implementing changes to the provider’s contract. There are many policies and procedures that are being violated on the provider’s end of the contract that are in turn causing violations with the Department of Health and A.C.D. (Agency forRead More The Force Field Analysis Essay726 Words   |  3 PagesThe Force Field Analysis Problem solving can be a tricky and complicated process. Often times the initial step of identifying the problem and coming up with possible solutions is the hardest part. Businesses, schools, and any team settings around the world use many established problem solving tools and techniques. These range from brainstorming, mind mapping, imagining, and many others. Groups use these techniques to add some order to a potential chaotic experience. One popular tool is known asRead MoreLewins Force Field Analysis1307 Words   |  6 PagesLewin’s Force Field Analysis Force Field Analysis is a model which shows a current level of a business in which it is affected by driving forces which are positive and encourages development of a plan and also restraining forces which are negative and hinder the development of a plan. In other words, to ensure that a decision is well made, the positivity of the driving forces has to exceed the negativity of the restraining forces. [pic] * Driving forces means forces that are positiveRead MoreNormative vs Force Field Analysis Essay640 Words   |  3 PagesNormative vs. Force Field Analysis Kim Schnitzer August 21, 2011 AIU Online Abstract The following pages contain information provided in a memo to BARTH, Inc from Working Better Group. This information is in reference to different forms of collecting information and analyzing it to make changes within the organization. Introduction The following pages discuss the comparison between the normative model and force field analysis. They will also discuss WBG’s selection of which form of dataRead MoreThe Basic Concepts Of Force Field Analysis By Kurt Lewin1674 Words   |  7 Pages The first management theory to be examined is force-field analysis by Kurt Lewin. Force-field analysis provides a template for looking that the factors that influence both corporate and personal environments, however the focus will be on the business side of the theory. To understand the basic concepts of the force field analysis, imagine yourself sitting in a chair. There are two forces holding you in the chair, one is gravity, a driving force, which is pushing you down into the chair and theRead MoreWe ve Done Our Force Field Analysis Essay2014 Words   |  9 PagesOnce we ve done our Force Field Analysis, we can use it in two ways: †¢ To decide whether or not to move forward with the decision or change. For example, Victor and management want his employees to be descent jokers and overcome his problems of three members of staff who are making trouble. †¢ To think about how we can strengthen the forces that supports the change and weakens the forces opposing it, so that the change is more successful. Such as in the diagram the change of force like Victor wantsRead MoreSwot Analysis And Porter s Five Forces Of Competition1379 Words   |  6 Pagesplanning frameworks such as SWOT analysis and Porter s five forces of competition. These frameworks aid organizations think about the sorts of inquiries they want to ask and the information that they need to put in consideration before making any business decisions. They both help in evaluating company s strengths and weaknesses associated to the industry’s opportunities and challenges. SWOT can be defined as a more general and overall assessment, while the Five Forces model is more single growth decisionRead MorePorter Five Forces in the Robotics Industry1719 Words   |  7 PagesPorter’s Five Forces in the Robotics Industry Iryna Varniaga University of Maryland University College Fall 2013 Turnitin score: 25% Porter’s Five Forces in the Robotics Industry â€Å"Porter’s five forces†: Introduction. â€Å"Porter’s five forces† is widely applied in today’s business world. Harvard Professor Michael E. Porter’s first HBR article â€Å"How competitive forces shape strategy† was published in 1979. It became revolutionary in the field of strategy. Porter’s subsequent work has broughtRead MoreEssay about Fall of Ibm1683 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: The Fall of IBM Date: September 20, 2013 I. Executive Summary The purpose of this case study analysis is to analyze the situation of IBM in the 1990s, to come up with possible mutually exclusive alternatives for IBM’s management and ultimately, to recommend a possible strategy to regain back IBM’s throne in the industry. The problem of the case study is all about the survival of IBM in a much more competitive market ever encountered by the company. And also, overcoming newRead MoreGeneral Electric ( Ge )816 Words   |  4 Pagescorporation could earn above-average returns. The industrial organization model focuses on an analysis of the environment around the organization. â€Å"An industrial organization is a field of economics dealing with the strategic behavior of firms, regulatory policy, antitrust policy and market competition† (Industrial, 2012). The I/O (Industrial Organization) Model helps a business understand it has outside forces such as opportunities in the market and also any threats that are important to be aware of

Music Concert Report Piano Quintet Essay Example For Students

Music Concert Report : Piano Quintet Essay The concert was my first time and delightful that I had a opportunity to listen to classical music through the first concert, two Piano Quintets performed by Karen Followings, Algae Drilling, Susan Eng, Loire Kernel, Bert Turreted at the Incarnation Lutheran Church on February, 19, 2012. The performance consisted of two pieces and the first piece performed was Piano quintet, Pop 87 written by J. N. Hummel in the end of classic era and the second piece was Piano Quintet, Pop 114 written by F. Schubert, also as well known as The Trout. It was interesting that Hummel composed this quintet in 1802, almost 20 years before Schubert wrote the Trout in 1819 and their composition were widely played during their lifetime; in addition, the both of them have a common in that those two are famous Piano quintets. I thought that the melodies were quite and resounded magnificently in my mind. I could even subconsciously focus on the notes and release feelings of tension. First of all, the Quintet Pop. 87 is a masterpiece; the first movement (Allegro E Risotto Assai) at once captives and impresses the hearer with its power and passion. After this follows the Monument Y Trio, Largo, Allegro Agitator, is full of light-hearted merriment and ends with a brilliant and effective close. While listening to it, the melody reminded me of Mozart pianist style and The Trout, which would be performed Just next to it and, actually, Hummel studied with Mozart. Especially, the first movement of Quintet, POP. 87 sounded like tango to me and it started with the violin by Algae Drilling, then, the piano sounded to make harmony. I felt that the IANA sound was extremely live and rhythmical, whereas, the others created nervous tension for making harmony with the piano. As I said above, everything including Violin, Viola, Cello and Contrabass seemed to be harmony with another, the sound reflected to be able to emphasize each instrument and piano quintet. The second movement, Monument Y Trio, Allegro con foci, started quietly but, soon, it made a highly elated atmosphere which I was going into and let myself to the flow of continuing intensive melody. On the other hand, it sounded for me to ease tension occasionally. At that time, I could even felt melancholy strain. It repeated to raise tensions constantly, which it was the first time that the melody made me high tension emotionally and I was impressed by the harmony of the piano quintet because I had never been to any orchestra or concert. After that, the third chapter, Largo, started and then, the sound of piano a bit went up with its fast pace and increased tension more and more, which I felt like sadness and depressed emotion; however, I could retrieve my mental stability by focusing on listening to it. My sentiment was raising giggly as it was flowing fast little by little and, finally, was connected to the Finale, Allegro Agitator, the last movement. In the last movement, it became mild, warm and brighter again as if the first movement, the violin and cello sound much attracted my attention because of the wonderful and lilting sound. In the end of the Finale, it went up with high pace again and presented the peculiar principal theme which was of a Music Concert Report : Piano Quintet By Johnny understand little why it is particularly interesting in its scoring and receive hummers read dramatic works by listening to it. Secondly, after Piano quintet, Pop 87 performed, they played Piano Quintet, Pop 1 14, widely known as The Trout. It was not first time to hear it but was first time to see the performance at the concert. It consists of five parts and is also immensely popular and famous because it was made by F . Schubert. As the name is The Trout, I felt the piano sound was fresh and animated as if trout was swimming lively from the first movement. When hiking the mountain and seeing the water of a brook, we can feel Ewing full of life, animation and restfulness. I felt Just like when I see the water of a brook and could even imagine the figure of trout. .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 , .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .postImageUrl , .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 , .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567:hover , .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567:visited , .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567:active { border:0!important; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567:active , .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567 .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u365c415791630909589a28ee83cbc567:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Coldplay albulm review EssayIn the first movement, Allegro Vice, the four instruments made harmony slowly based on the piano sound and, especially, the violin and cello stood out clearly. The powerful sound of the cello by Loire Kernel was so great and played a role as bridge. I was impressed by a merit of cello sound again and again. The second movement, Andante, was so lyrical melody that I could feel stability and richness like I had lived in village and been satisfied tit my life; in addition, The three of the violin, viola and cello melodies definitely showed to advantage. I personally would like to listen to the music with lyricism because it radiates feeling of relaxation. From this part, I started to think this tune was made for cello because the cello sounded ever-greater part of this music. After the second chapter, the third movement, Scherzo, was as if the piano and others were talking to each other to make harmony. It was greatly cheerful that it made me pleasant and it went up with fast pace. The light each sounds added zest to the melody. The reason why I listen to it again and again is this part because its flow was interesting to me like trout was playing in the water. In the fourth movement, Indication, I felt different sensation of lilting due to the many times of playing a variation and found the other liveliness by hearing this chapter. This part was why it was named The Trout because it impresses that trout settles down to active, indeed. I also could imagine that trout was going all over in the water and playing; moreover, I loud know this part was made of cheerful feature entirely. The Finale, Allegro Gusto, also was brimful of vigor. The four string instrument played theme and the piano repeated it in high speed. This part also made an impression which was fulfilled of vitality to me. I would like the music going on continuously fresh tune of the four string instruments sound. Somehow it made me feel like Hungary wanderer too because of the delightful melody. This performance was fascinating enough to hold attention of audiences. I was captivated by the great wonderful sound. By listening to these two piano quintets, I took a new step on the classic music. I was unfamiliar with classic music but, now, since I attended this concert, I sometimes listen to classic music and relieve stress. Now I realized that classical music has its own distinct charm compared to new age and the impression from the melody could be amplified when I appreciated musical pieces on the spot. It was today when I sank into a deep emotion with classic music, precious harvest to attend the great concert and listen to classic music.

Tata Nano free essay sample

In the post globalized era where India is looking at growth rates of more than 8%, one of the main beneficiaries of India’s growth story is Automobile Industry. Termed asâ€Å"Industry of Industries† . Automobile industry has been one of the indicators of a country’s economic prosperity, as major population of Indian economy is turning out as middle class society. Prior to the 1991 liberalization, auto industry in India was controlled and licensed by the government. Post 1991, the industry has grown at an average rate of 17%. Currently contributing to around 5% of the GDP, this is expected to rise to 10% of GDP. TATA NANO: Overview TATA Nano is the cheapest car in the world. It is manufactured by TATA Motor Limited, the largest automobile company in India. Its chairman, Mr. Ratan Tata envisions that Tata Nano to become a â€Å"People’s car† which is affordable by almost everybody. Tata Nano is manufactured totally in India. We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Nano or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its assembled in its two factories atPantnagar and at Uttarakhand and also have a mother plant at Sanand Gujarat. What makes Nano so cheap? It has small and light engine, a 623cc two-cylinder petrol engine made of aluminum. Factors that contribute towards the weight reduction are the usage of hollow steering wheel shafts, plastic body panels and smaller tubeless tires. As a result of these measures, Tata Nano weighs only about 590kg. Lesser weight and fewer parts mean less raw material and lower cost for Tata Nano. Vision and Innovation are successfully implemented without compromising the safety and environmental compliance. Analysis of Market Offerings:- 1. Markets across the Countries:- First targeted market was the low income Indian families and lower middle class population. Now its expanding its market in other countries such as Malaysia, the rest of Asia, Europe, Africa and South America. The car was in 78-th Geneva Motor Show 2008. This helped to make the image of car in other countries than the existing ones back home in India 2. On the Web:- Considering the needs of the Market its website was launched in the beginning. Website is quite comprehensive and provides all the answers to the questions being asked since the start of the project. The marketing team has put a good effort to keep the website simple and easy to use and understand. Now one can find the Nano on Facebook, Orkut and Twitter. . Bank Finance :- TATA is keeping its promise of â€Å"people’s car† by providing bank car financing. NANO has made the way for the people who can’t afford to pay the price with the booking of the car. The 15 major banks including the state bank of India have been signed with the TATA to finance the low income people. The Key Marketing Feat ures:- 1. Affordability :- * Tato Nano is priced around Rs. 1 Lac . Which is almost half the price of the cheapest car in India, Maruti Suzuki, which is priced around 2 Lacs. * The low maintenance cost is a big issue, to maintain this car by oneself in a rough country is very easy and cheaper. The small size of the car gives a big advantage of parking in a densed Indian roads . 2. Warranty :- Its providing a 18 months Or 24000 Kms. warranty. Its not very good as compared to what one gets at the international level but it is still sounds good and once it is considered in price, fuel consumption and being eco friendly. 3. Fuel Efficient :- Tata Nano has a mileage of 21. 97 kilometer per liter, under city road conditions, and 25. 97 km/L on highways. This makes Tata Nano a fuel efficient vehicle, which will save money in the long-term. This mileage comes with an engine of 623 cc with a maximum speed of 105 Kmph. 4. Environment Friendly :- Tata Nano emits less carbon than two-wheelers. It also meets emission norms of BS II, III, IV which are Euro II, II, IV equivalent. MARKETING FOCUS – STP ANALYSIS:- 1. The target customers * Lower and Middle Income families,who aspire to upgrade to 4- wheelers from being 2-wheeler users. Such families stay away from purchasing cars due to the affordability factor. Affordable purchase price, low maintenance cost, increased safety, usefulness as a family vehicle are the factors that influence such buying decisions. Nano is also targeting the Youth, especially students who prefer young, trendy and innovative vehicles. Cars with safety characteristics would appeal more to them over 2-wheelers. * Families who want a second car, mostly for women and children. Nano has been positioned as an innovative and trendy car, as opposed to be a cheap car. It leverages the TATA’s goo dwill in market for the people throughout its publicity. 2. The Target Segment Nano aims to carve out a niche segment for itself in the Indian automobile industry. The closest competitor is Maruti 800. Maruti 800 is slowly moving out. Its price is higher (gt;2. 3 Lacs) compared to Nano and people are weary of its looks and functionalities. More recent cars such as Maruti Alto and Chevrolet Spark are also wooing customers, but their pricing and positioning is totally different than that of Nano, preventing any direct competition. Real threat comes from the small cars from Bajaj and Renault-Nissan etc. They will directly compete with Nano in the same segment. The other major competitor for Nano is the 2-wheelers. Most of the young people, students and lower and middle income families currently depend on 2-wheelers for their day to day activities. Primary reason for this is the lower initial cost and lower maintenance cost. Motorcycles such as Bajaj Pulsar and Hero Honda motorcycles has snatched the attention of the youth and family users. 3. Positioning: Tata Nano will position itself as the world cheapest car and yet does not compromise the quality, safety and environment. The Tata Nano has proved its robustness and reliability in many car rallies and expeditions undertaken by Tata Motors and by customers on their own. Its is the car that has put India on the world motoring map. It also has very good ground clearance and climbs well. MARKETING MIX 1. Product : Tata has wide range of luxury and small cars, utility vehicles, SUVs, defense vehicles, trucks and etc. * Nano received media attention due to its targeted low price. * The Tata Nano is  a rear-engine, four passenger, city car. * Aimed primarily at the Indian market but now spreading its market across the countries. PRODUCT MIX: 1. Products: Tata Nano has 3 types of models available in the market. Variants and their Pricing: †¢ Basic Tata Nano priced at 123,000 INR as no extras. †¢ Tata Nano Cx priced at 151,000 Rupees has air conditioning. †¢ Tata Nano Lx priced at 172,000 Rupees has air conditioning and power windows. . Price: The prices of Tata motors are generally affordable acceptable by the general public at large and Nano being their trump card. Giving discount every month one of the strong strategy use by Tata Motors. Pricing strategies * Penetration pricing * Low pricing policy with minimum profit margin. * Though the 1 lac price tag is not fixed b y TATA  group, it was the word of mouth of people which  fixed that range. This  expectation of people creates a big challenge for the company. 3. Place: Tata Motors has an extensive dealer network covering Indian and International markets. Wherever you are, there is a Tata Motors Sales and Service dealership close to you. The channel of  distribution, phsycic allocation, and dealership method of distribution and sales is generally adopted. The distribution of vehicle must be  in a very systematic way, from the plant to dealership and to end user. This is not only in India itself  but also to the world-wide dealership. 4. Promotion: Tata motors promote their products via advertising and after sales services. * Enough use of promotion mix, publicity reduces the necessity of other promotional devices for Nano. * Publicity as â€Å"1 lac car† by mouth to mouth Auto expo 2008,New Delhi amp; Geneva * Singur violation and new plant set up at Pantnagar Other type of promotional activities: TATA is going to launch its nano mobile for indicom user, nano watches, nano T-shirts available in  Westside stores. Advertisement : * TV amp; other mass media is very effective * Online buzz:- Nano has gone beyond the tradit ional methods of advertising and promotion * Online have a blog  on the official website where they discuss interesting topics and  maintain an active community * Official Orkut community, Facebook  Group Fans ,twitter fans group. Highest View Count on You Tube-  303,006 Level of a product: car * Core benefit: the need to get from one place to another. * Basic product: a car on its own; on this level this basically means that the car has 4 wheels. * Expected product: a car that is in working condition, so the owner can use it for transportation, it has decent mileage, etc. * Augmented product: TATA Nano that is in fully working condition, has an attractive design, passed all  tests, has 4-wheel steering, built-in alarm and air condition, etc. The car is also accompanied by other benefits provided by the motor company like warranty, instalments, etc. * Potential product: the car is much safer than the competitors’ products, it tends to break down less frequently than other cars. Product development life cycle of TATA NANO TATA NANO is one car which has created all in all a kind of new segment and this product is really different from all other. Introduction stage:- Tata Group introduced the revolutionary Tata Nano on January 08. It immediately stirred among Indian Consumers. It  was dubbed as â€Å"The People’s Car†. However, Low Price of the car is one of the crucial factors, which  is going to deciding the future of Tata Nano. Launch was successful and was overbooked by almost 200%. Globally car is positioned as â€Å"The World’s Cheapest Car? , which does not compromise quality, safety and environment. Growth stage:-   Nano aims to make out a niche segment for itself in the Indian automobile industry. The booming economy and the accelerated growth of lower middle class has generated very high demand for small cars. The closest competitor in the 4-wheeler segment:- Maruti 800 ( national competitor ,now going out of Indian roads ) * Toyota IQ (international competitor) * Reva (national and international competitor, cheaper than nano) Other cars are also planning to come in this segment at the same price level. Maturity stage:- †¢ Additionally Nano used innovative  and current successful promotions. â€Å"Tata Lana? was to be a  promotion that would put â€Å"lana? , cash, back into hands of purchasers . †¢ Nano would offer cash to purchasers as an incentive to buy or finance a Tata Nano. These kinds of promotions have proved highly effective in India . But with the increasing competition and  many new cars of different companies coming  into this segment can move the tata nano into the maturity stage. After coming at this stage tata nano will not have to spend a lot on promotions because it will be really popular by then and will be generating ample amount of revenue. Decline stage:- Nano is in the decline stage because failure of the car from the point of its release, because of its lighter body and inefficient engine and loud noise,that has issues with some parts of the market. It also went out of the market because of its advertisement in which the word â€Å"The cheapest car† has been in talks and public not liking the word â€Å"Cheap†. The low-income consumers in emerging markets often spurs significant innovation. * World is getting tougher day by day being unique is a competitive advantage. Expectations to nano has proved this. * After 100 years to Henry Ford, Tata has proved him again not only he came out of the expectations but also came out with a platform for Indian auto sector. * So as per this, it is not only the future car of India but also to the world, if exported.